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seasonal thermal energy storage : ウィキペディア英語版 | seasonal thermal energy storage
Seasonal thermal energy storage (or STES) is the storage of heat or cold for periods of up to several months. The thermal energy can be collected whenever it is available and be used whenever needed, such as in the opposing season. For example, heat from solar collectors or waste heat from air conditioning equipment can be gathered in hot months for space heating use when needed, including during winter months. Waste heat from industrial process can similarly be stored and be used much later. Or the natural cold of winter air can be stored for summertime air conditioning. STES stores can serve district heating systems, as well as single buildings or complexes. Among seasonal storages used for heating, the design peak annual temperatures generally are in the range of , and the temperature difference occurring in the storage over the course of a year can be several tens of degrees. Some systems use a heat pump to help charge and discharge the storage during part or all of the cycle. For cooling applications, often only circulation pumps are used. A less common term for STES technologies is interseasonal thermal energy storage〔e.g. Wong B., Snijders A., McClung L. (2006). (Recent Inter-seasonal Underground Thermal Energy Storage Applications in Canada ). 2006 IEEE EIC Climate Change Technology. pp.1-7.〕 Examples for district heating include Drake Landing Solar Community where ground storage provide 97% of yearly consumption without heat pumps, and Danish pond storage with boosting.〔 ==STES technologies==
There are several types of STES technology, covering a range of applications from single small buildings to community district heating networks. Generally, efficiency increases and the specific construction cost decreases with size.
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